The birth dose is administered at birth in the hospital, while the second and third doses are given in Maternal & Child Health Centres. All babies born in Hong Kong are vaccinated. Booster dose is usually not required for those who have completed a standard three-dose regimen.ħ. The standard vaccination scheme is a 3-dose schedule administered at 0, 1, 6 months. An effective vaccine against hepatitis B infection is available. (1 part of bleach with 4 parts of water)Ħ.
Disinfect objects contaminated with blood using household bleach diluted 4 times. Wear gloves while handling blood and body fluids.Ĥ. Avoid sharing of syringes, razors, toothbrushes and other objects that may be contaminated with blood.ģ. Minority of adults who might become chronic carriers should receive individualized medical care for chronic hepatitis B infection.ġ. Safer sex and practices to avoid transmission via blood contact should be encouraged. Symptoms usually occur within 3 months.įor management of acute hepatitis, the patient should have adequate rest, balanced diet and avoid alcohol intake. The incubation period ranges from 45-160 days. by transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products by ear-piercing, tattooing or acupuncture using contaminated instruments by sharing contaminated personal items such as toothbrushes, razors and nail cutters by direct contact with contaminated blood Mother to infant transmission at or around the time of delivery. Hepatitis B virus can be found in blood and body fluids of an infected person. They may subsequently develop chronic hepatitis, permanent liver damage or liver cancer. Symptomatic or not, approximately 5-10% of adults and 95% of perinatally infected infants are unable to clear the virus, thus becoming chronic carriers. Common presentations include fever, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, yellow coloring of the eyes, dark urine and clay colored or light stools. Fewer than 5% of infected children under 5 years of age and 30-60% of infected adults are symptomatic. Hepatitis B infection is caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV).
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